Do not let weeds go to seed, and keep the surrounding area
mowed to prevent weed seeds from migrating into the planting. If a first year
planting is healthy, dense and weed free prior to winter, then
weed problems will be much less in subsequent years. Some growers are planting
in late May or early June at a higher density or planting on black plastic at
high density to avoid weed pressure.
Mulch matted row plantings with straw (wheat or rye works
best) for winter protection, then rake the straw into the alleyways for
additional weed suppression.
Herbicides should be selected on the basis of particular
weed problems. Not all herbicides are appropriate for all fields (Tables 2.8.1
and 5.4.1). Weed control in the planting year is especially difficult because
few herbicides are labeled for use.
|
Table
5.4.1. Herbicides registered for use on strawberries in New York
State.
|
|
Herbicide
|
Formulation
|
Amount of
product per treated acre
|
lb active
ingredient
|
|
PREEMERGENT
|
|
*†DCPA
|
*†Dacthal 75W
|
8 – 12 lb
|
6 – 9
|
|
|
*†Dacthal F
|
8 – 12 pt
|
|
|
Apply in spring (12 lb/A) after planting but before seedling
weeds emerge, or in late summer/early fall in established plantings within 3
days of the last cultivation. Do not apply between first bloom and harvest.
Use the lower rate on sandy soils with low organic matter and the higher rate
on heavy soils with high organic matter.
*†Dacthal may be applied
through an overhead irrigation system by following labeled instructions.
|
|
flumioxazin
|
Chateau SW
|
3 oz
|
0.096
|
|
Can be applied to the soil a minimum of 30 days prior to
transplanting only if strawberries will be transplanted through plastic
mulch. Can be applied to dormant strawberries as a broadcast application or,
in strawberry row middles using a hooded sprayer, for the preemergent
control of certain broadleaves shown to be controlled by residual activity of
Chateau WDG. These include morning glory, nightshade, marestail, among others. Do not apply after
fruit set.
|
|
napropamide
|
Devrinol 50DF
Devrinol 10G
|
8 lb
40 lb
|
2
4
|
|
Apply in late fall or early spring
before seedling weeds emerge or after adequate numbers of runners have
rooted. Rainfall is necessary for activation. Apply 2 - 2.5 lb AI./A in newly planted strawberry beds after the soil has
settled around roots. Devrinol is limited to 8 lb/A
per growing season.
|
|
pendimethalin
|
Prowl H2O
|
1.5 – 3.0 pt
|
0.6 – 1.2
|
|
In June 2007 the DEC approved the
following uses:
1) Use before planting strawberries. Apply to the soil
surface before planting to prevent the establishment of most annual grasses
as well as suppressing several broadleaf weeds such as velvetleaf and purslane. Moisture is required to activate the herbicide,
and it can be applied through an overhead irrigation system or shallowly
incorporated. At least one day must elapse between application and planting,
unless protective gear is worn. There are two formulations on the market, but
only the H2O formulation is labeled for strawberries. The rate is
1.5 to 3.0 pints per acre (coarse to fine soils,
respectively) and no more than 6 pints are to be used in any one season.
Prowl H2O should not be used if plastic mulch will be applied.
|
|
2) A banded application between rows of strawberries
up to 35 days before harvest. Do not concentrate the herbicide in the row
middle as one might a fertilizer. Maintain a rate per treated area (above),
not a rate per planted acre.
|
|
*terbacil
|
*Sinbar 80WP
|
2 – 6 oz
|
0.12 – 0.38
|
|
In the planting year, apply 2 to 3 ounces per acre
monthly beginning several weeks after transplanting for up to 4 months, using
a maximum of 8 oz. per year. With plants established for 6 months or more, apply
soon after harvest before new growth begins or in dormant season from mid
fall to late winter. If leaves are present when material is applied, the
application must be followed immediately by 0.5 to 1 inch of irrigation or
rainfall to wash the chemical off the strawberry foliage. Otherwise
unacceptable (severe) injury many result. Do not use on soils with less than
2% organic matter. Not recommended for use on ‘Guardian’, ‘Darrow’, ‘Micmac’,
‘Tribute’, or ‘Tristar’. Some growers have reported
sensitivity in ‘Honeoye’ and an increase in root rot after use. *Sinbar is limited to 8 oz/A per growing season.
|
|
POSTEMERGENT
|
|
2-4,D
|
*Agrisolutions 2-4,D Amine 4
|
2 – 3 pt
|
0.95 – 1.41
|
|
|
Amine 4
|
2 – 3 pt
|
0.95 – 1.41
|
|
|
Formula 40
|
1 – 1.5 qt
|
0.95 – 1.32
|
|
For broadleaf weeds in established plantings. Apply
soon after last picking or when berry plants are dormant in late fall or
early spring. Use 25 to 50 gal/A of water with the herbicide.
|
|
carfentrazone-ethyl
|
Aim EC
|
2.0 fl oz
|
0.031
|
|
|
Aim EW
|
|
|
|
Apply carfentrazone-ethyl
alone or with other herbicides or liquid fertilizers as a burn-down
treatment. Apply Aim EC no later than 24 hours prior to planting. Apply Aim
EW prior to planting or within 24 hours after planting. May be used as a burndown treatment for previous crops prior to new
plantings. May be applied with hooded sprayer between rows including plastic
and organic mulched systems. Must not apply more than 6.1 fl oz per acre per
season
|
|
*†clopyralid
|
*†Stinger
|
3L (0.33 – 0.67 pt)
|
0.13
|
|
Special Local Need registration –
User must have Special Local Need label in their possession at the time of
application.
For control of specific broadleaf weeds in the composite, legume
and solanaceous families, and some additional weeds
such as dock, sorrel and ragweed. *†Stinger may be applied to first year
fields, or established strawberries. Do not make an application directly
after planting since strawberry plants are temporarily affected by the
herbicide. We recommend waiting until runners have started rooting and plants
are well established, so they can tolerate and outgrow leaf cupping that
often occurs after application. Be sure the planting is well watered and not
under stress at the time application. In established fields, apply after last
picking or in early spring, but at least 30 days before harvest. Do not use with a surfactant, or tank mix with other
herbicides. Do not apply within 6 to 8 hours of expected rainfall or
irrigation. Apply 0.33 – 0.67 pt in 20-75 gallons of water per acre uniformly
with ground equipment. Make 1 – 2 applications per year not to exceed 0.67
pt/A per year. Apply to actively growing grasses less than 8 inches tall.
For thistle control in established fields, apply either in
early spring after the majority of basal leaves have emerged but before bud
stage or later in the summer after thistles have dispersed their seeds.
Applications made to thistles in bud or flower will not be as effective.
|
|
*clethodim
|
*Select 2 EC
|
6 – 8 fl oz
|
0.09 – 0.125
|
|
|
*Intensity One
|
9 – 16 fl oz
|
|
|
|
*Arrow 2EC
|
6 – 8 fl oz.
|
|
|
*clethodim (continued)
|
|
|
|
|
Apply *clethodim
when grasses are actively growing, greater than 4 inches tall, soil is moist,
and the temperature is above 55° F but below 80° F. Repeat applications may
be necessary, but apply no more than 32 oz/A per season (16 oz. max. on Long
Island).
*Select 2 EC must be mixed
with 1% v/v crop oil concentrate (containing at least 15% emulsifiers)
to a finished spray volume of between 10-40 gal/A. Do not cultivate within 7
days of application and do not apply within one hour of rainfall. Application
on Long Island, New York is restricted to no more than 16 fl oz (0.25 lb AI.)
of *Select 2 EC per acre per season. It is recommended *Intensity One be
applied with a non-ionic surfactant (NIS) at 0.25% v/v to a finished volume
between 10 - 40 gal/A. Spray pressures should fall between 30 to 60 psi at
the nozzle; do not use flood nozzles. *Intensity One should not be applied
directly over the top of non-bearing strawberries grown for nursery
production. Spray should be directed to the base of the plant where grassy
weeds are growing near the ground. Do not apply if rain is expected within 1
hour of application.
|
|
fluazifop-butyl
|
Fusilade DX plus
1% crop oil concentrate
|
16 – 24 oz
|
0.25 – 0.375
|
|
Apply when grasses are about 8 inches tall and actively
growing. Do not apply to plants that will be harvested within one year of the
application.
|
|
glyphosate1
|
Roundup Original
Roundup Original II
Roundup Original Max
Roundup Ultra
|
Varies according to
weed problem.
|
Varies
|
|
Apply as a preplant
broadcast application.
|
|
*paraquat
|
*Gramoxone Inteon
|
2
pt.
|
0.5
|
|
Use as a postemergent
directed spray in a minimum of 20 gal water with NIS or COC2.
Shield to prevent contact with crop. Apply no more than 3 times per season.
Do not graze livestock in treated area.
|
|
pelargonic acid
|
Scythe
|
3
– 5% solution for annuals
5
– 7% solution for perennials
7
– 10% solution for maximum burn down
|
2.25 – 20 gal
|
|
Apply between rows to suppress weeds or narrow rows.
Do not contact desirable foliage. This product may be tank mixed with
appropriately labeled glyphosate products at a 1-3%
solution plus the labeled rate of glyphosate to
enhance burn-down activity.
|
|
sethoxydim
|
Poast 1.5EC +
COC2
|
0.75 – 2 pt +
2 pt
|
0.14 – 0.47
|
|
For perennial grasses, apply
higher rates in spring when grasses are 6 inches tall. For annual grasses,
apply in spring immediately after harvest, or in late summer. Do not use within
6 weeks of *Sinbar application. Do not mix with
other chemicals. Do not use more than 2.5 pt per season.
|
|
1Other glyphosate
products may be labeled for the same purpose.
2 NIS = non-ionic
surfactant; COC = crop oil concentrate.
*
= Restricted-use pesticide; may be purchased and used only by certified
applicators or used by someone under the direct supervision of a certified
applicator.
†
= Not for use in Nassau and Suffolk Counties. Pesticide labels that indicate
‘Not for use on Long Island, NY’ mean that use is prohibited in Nassau and
Suffolk Counties only.
Note: Herbicides are usually not banded in strawberry
plantings, except when using *paraquat (*Gramoxone Inteon), pendimethalin (Prowl H20), or pelargonic
acid (Scythe). Read the label.
|
|
Table
5.4.2. Weed management with and without herbicides in a strawberry planting.
|
|
Year
|
Month
|
Herbicide options
|
Non-herbicidal options
|
|
Planting year
|
April - May
|
Chateau or Roundup 30 days before planting. After
weeds die, till to prepare for planting.
|
Till to prepare for planting
|
|
|
May
|
Prowl H2O prior to planting.
|
Cultivate
|
|
|
Mid-June after planting
|
Fusilade for perennial
grasses.
Cultivate, then apply
Devrinol1 at 5 lb/A. Irrigate after application.
|
Cultivate.
|
|
|
Mid-July
|
Hand weed only.
|
Cultivate.
|
|
|
Mid-August
|
Cultivate, then apply *†Dacthal
at 12 lb/A.
|
Cultivate.
|
|
|
October
|
Cultivate.
|
Cultivate.
|
|
|
Late November
|
Devrinol1 at 8 lb/A
and/or *Sinbar2, then mulch for winter protection.
|
Mulch for winter protection.
|
|
Fruiting year
|
March - April
|
Remove mulch. Chateau applied pre emergence to dormant
strawberries.
|
Remove mulch.
|
|
|
Early May
|
Poast or *Select4
for perennial grasses. *†Stinger3 for dandelions and
thistles.
Prowl H2O banded between rows. Hooded or
shielded applications of *Gramoxone or Chateau to
row middles; do not apply after fruit set.
|
Hand weed only.
|
|
|
Late July after harvest
|
2,4-D
then wait 5 days. Mow leaves, then narrow rows with tiller. *Sinbar2
can be applied before new leaf growth occurs.
|
Mow leaves, narrow rows with a tiller.
|
|
|
September
|
*†Dacthal, *Sinbar2,
Devrinol1, for winter annuals. *†Stinger3 for
thistles.
|
Cultivate.
|
|
|
November
|
In early November, 2-4-D may work if the weather is
warm. In late November, Devrinol1 at 8 lb/A and/or *Sinbar2, then mulch for winter
protection.
|
Mulch for winter protection.
|
|
1Devrinol is limited to 8 lb/A per growing season.
2*Sinbar is limited to 8
oz/A per growing season.
3*†Stinger is limited to 0.67 pt/A per growing season.
4Application on Long Island, New York is restricted to
no more than 16 fl oz (0.25 lb a.i.) of *Select 2
EC per acre per season.
* = Restricted-use
pesticide- may be purchased and used only by certified applicators or used by
someone under the direct supervision of a certified applicator.
† = Not for use in Nassau
and Suffolk Counties. Pesticide labels that indicate ‘Not for use on Long Island , NY’ mean that use is prohibited in Nassau and
Suffolk Counties only.
|
