Pest Management Guidelines - TreeFruits
Pest Management Guidelines
A Cornell Cooperative Extension Publication

  
Cornell Guide for Pest Management of TreeFruits

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Contents

Table 15. Herbicides registered for use in tree-fruit orchards. 1

Table 16. The solubility, persistence, potential for leaching and runoff, and breakdown of herbicides. 2

Table 17. Effectiveness of herbicides in tree-fruit crops. 3

 

 

Table 15. Herbicides registered for use in tree-fruit orchards.

 

Minimum time between planting and use indicated if specified on label.

NB = Nonbearing trees only; Y= listed on label; N = not listed on label.

 

Product

Apple
Pear
Apricot

Tart Cherry
Sweet
Cherry

Nectarine
Peach
Plum
Prune

Aim 2EC, 1.9EW

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Casoron 4G

4 wk

4 wk

N

4 wk

4wk

N

N

N

N

Devrinol 50DF

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Fusilade DX

NB

NB

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Glyphosate

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Goal 2XL, Galigan 2E

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

*Gramoxone Max

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Karmex 80DF, Diuron 4L, 80DF

1 yr

1 yr

N

N

N

N

3 yr

N

N

*Kerb 50 W1

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Poast

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

NB

NB

Princep 4L, Simazine 4L, 90DF, Caliber 90

1 yr

1 yr

N

1 yr

1 yr

N

1 yr

1 yr

N

Prowl 3.3E

NB

NB

NB

NB

NB

NB

NB

NB

NB

†Rely

1 yr

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

*Sinbar 80WP2

3 yr/NB

NB

NB

NB

NB

NB

3yr/NB

NB

NB

†Solicam DF

Y

1 yr

1 yr

18 mo

18 mo

6 mo

6 mo

1 yr

1 yr

†*Stinger

N

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Surflan AS

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

*Unison

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

*Weedar 64, Amine 4, *2,4-D Amine

1 yr

1 yr

1 yr

1 yr

1 yr

1 yr

1 yr

1 yr

1 yr

 

*  Sinbar + Karmex tank mix at lower rates - Apples and peaches established at least 2 yr.

*  Restricted-use pesticide; may be purchased and used only by certified applicators.

† Not registered for use in Nassau or Suffolk Counties

1  Kerb. Not less than 6 mo after fall transplanting nor less than 1 yr after spring transplanting of labeled crops.

2  Low rate for newly planted and young, non-bearing fruit trees (except apple).

 

 

 

Table 16. The solubility, persistence, potential for leaching and runoff, and breakdown of herbicides.

Material

Solubility
in water [ppm]

Persistence
[Half-life, days]

Potential for

Method of
Breakdown

Leaching

Runoff

carfentrazone-ethyl (Aim)

42

1–2

S

S

hydrolysis, photolysis, microbial

†*clopyralid (†*Stinger)

1000

12–70

L

M

microbial

dichlobenil (Casoron)

18

60

L

M

volitalization, microbial

2,4-D (*Weedar, Amine, *Unison)

890-796,000

10

M

S-M

microbial

diuron (Karmex, Direx)

42

90

M

L

microbial

fluazifop-p-butyl (Fusilade)

2

20

S

L

microbial

glyphosate (Roundup, Touchdown)

900,000

47

S

L

microbial

†glufosinate-ammonium (†Rely)

–

–

L

–

–

napropamide (Devrinol)

73

70

L

M

photodegraded, microbial

†norflurazon (†Solicam)

28

90

L

M

volitalization, microbial

oryzalin (Surflan)

2.5

20

S

M

chemical

oxyfluorfen (Goal)

0.1

35

S[E]

L[E]

photodegraded

*paraquat (*Gramoxone Max)

1,000,000

500

S

L

microbial

pendimethalin (Prowl)

0.275

90

S

L

photodegraded, volitalization

*pronamide (*Kerb)

15

60

S

L

microbial

sethoxydim (Poast)

48

10

S

S

photodegraded, microbial

simazine (Princep, Caliber)

6.2

75

L

M

microbial, chemical

terbacil (*Sinbar)

710

120

L

M

microbial

 

Key to abbreviations: S = Small; M = Medium; L = Large; [E] = Estimate

 

*  Restricted-use pesticide; may be purchased and used only by certified applicators, or used by someone under the supervision of a certified applicator.

 

† Not registered for use in Nassau or Suffolk Counties.

 

Potentials for losses through leaching or by runoff as result of surface soil particle erosion are general ratings. These must be used in combination with individual soil ratings for leaching & runoff potential. In general, orchards are considered low-impact cropping systems because of: rates & methods of application of materials; presence of vegetative ground cover between rows.

 

Sources of Information: USDA-ARS Interim Pesticide Properties Database, Version 1.9. Herbicide Handbook, Sixth Edition. 1989. Weed Science Society of America, 309 West Clark St, Champaign, IL 61820

 

 

Table 17. Effectiveness of herbicides in tree-fruit crops.

Material

AG

AB

PG

PB

WBV

YN

BW

HN

CT

SB

PW

RW

carfentrazone-ethyl

—

G

—

P

—

—

P

—

—

—

G

G

†*clopyralid

—

F

—

F[5]

—

—

—

F

G

—

—

F

dichlobenil (Casoron 4G)

G

G

G

G

—

G

—

G

G

—

G

G

2,4-D

—

G

—

G

F

—

G

F

F

-

G

G

diuron (Karmex)

G

G

F

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

G

G

fluazifop (Fusilade)

G

-

F

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

glyphosate (Roundup, Touchdown)

G

G

G

G

G[1]

G[2]

G

G[1]

G[1]

F

G

G

napropamide (Devrinol)

G

F

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

F

P

†norflurazon (†Solicam)

G

F

F

—

—

F

—

—

—

—

F

—

oryzalin (Surflan)

G

F

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

G

P

oxyfluorfen (Goal)

F

G

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

G

G

*paraquat (*Gramoxone Max)

G

G

F

F

F

G[3]

F

F

F

—

G

F

pendimethalin (Prowl)

G

F

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

G

—

*pronamide (*Kerb)

G

—

G

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

sethoxydim (Poast)

G

—

F

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

simazine (Princep)

F