Pest Management Guidelines - treesandshrubs
Pest Management Guidelines
A Cornell Cooperative Extension Publication

  
Cornell Guide for Pest Management of Trees and Shrubs

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Contents

2 Insect and Mite Pest Management of Trees and Shrubs. 1

2.1 Introduction. 1

2.2 How to Use These Guidelines. 1

2.2.1 Suggested Procedure. 1

2.3 About the Tables. 1

2.4 Insect and Mite Control for Propagation Ranges, Greenhouses, and Perennials. 1

2.5 Biorational Pest Management Tools and Tactics. 1

2.5.1 "Biorational" Controls. 1

2.5.2 Reduced-Risk Pesticides, Minimum-Risk Pesticides, and Biopesticides. 2

2.6 Chemical Insecticides. 2

2.6.1 Insecticide Classes and Modes of Action. 2

Phytotoxicity of Insecticides. 2

2.6.2 Timing Spray Applications. 2

2.6.2.1 Calendar Method. 2

2.6.2.2 Growing Degree-Days (GDD) 2

2.6.2.3 Plant Phenological Indicators (PPI) 3

2.6.2.4 Pheromones and Insect Traps. 3

2.6.3 Formulations - How Insecticides Are Sold. 4

2.6.4 Systemic Insecticides. 4

2.6.4.1 Systemic Injection Techniques. 4

2.6.5 *Merit, *Marathon and Other *Imidacloprid Insecticides: Best Management Practices for Soil Application. 4

2.6.6 Oil Sprays. 5

2.6.7 Shelf Life. 6

2.6.8 Pesticide Adjuvants. 6

2.6.9 Mist Blowers: Limitations of Low-Volume Spray Equipment

2.7 Registered Insecticides and Acaricides

2.8 Insects and Mites Destructive to Woody Ornamentals

2.9 Pest Management Timing

2.10 Insect and Mite Pest Management

 

 

2.8 Insects and Mites Destructive to Woody Ornamentals

 

The following table lists some of the common or key insect and mite pests of woody ornamentals. Look under the host plant involved and find the correct common name of the pest. Check Tables 2.9.1 and 2.10.1 for monitoring and control information. Numbers following the insect name indicate where additional information can be found in Insects That Feed on Trees and Shrubs, second edition. Illustrations (plate numbers) are in boldface type. Book is available from Cornell University Press, P.O. Box 6525, Ithaca, NY 14850.

 

 

Table 2.8.1. Host plant guide to insect names: an aid to diagnosis and identification

Plant

Pest

Page No.

Plate No.

Andromeda

azalea bark scale

336

160

 

azalea whitefly

318

151

 

lace bugs

424

204

Apple (flowering crab)

aphids

296, 300, 316

150

 

cankerworms

142, 44

63, 64

 

leafhoppers

412–418

216-218

 

leafrollers

172

100, 101

 

oystershell scale

370

177

 

redbanded leafroller

214

 

 

roundheaded appletree borer

278

131

Arborvitae

arborvitae leafminer

142

14

 

arborvitae weevil

240

244

 

bagworm

176

80

 

black vine weevil

240

112, 113

 

Fletcher scale

98

42

 

gypsy moth

138, 140

61, 62

 

hemlock looper

24

 

 

juniper scale

106

46

 

spruce spider mite

118

52, 53

Ash

blackheaded ash sawfly

134

59

 

lace bugs

426

 

 

lilac/ash borer

260

122

 

oystershell scale

370

177

Azalea

azalea bark scale

336

160

 

azalea leafminer

202

93

 

azalea whitefly

318

151

 

black vine weevil

240

112, 113

 

fruittree leafroller (azalea leaftier)

172

 

 

lace bugs

424

204

 

rhododendron borer

258,

121

 

rhododendron stem borer

288

 

 

southern red mite

475

229

 

twobanded Japanese weevil

244

114

Barberry

twobanded Japanese weevil

244

114

Beech

aphids

296, 310

140, 147

 

cankerworms

142–144

63, 64

 

woolly beech aphid

296

140

Birch (white, gray, yellow, and European white)

aphids

296, 310

140, 147

birch leafminer

184

84

 

birch skeletonizer

220

 

 

bronze birch borer

272

128

 

European hornet

494

238

 

potato leafhopper

414

199

Bittersweet

euonymus scale

388

186

Boxwood

boxwood leafminer

204

94

 

boxwood mite

475

229

 

boxwood psyllid

290

137

Butternut

butternut gall mite

488

235

 

walnut caterpillar

150

67

Cedar

arborvitae weevil

240, 244

244

 

bagworm

176

80

 

spruce spider mite

118

52, 53

Cherry (Wild) and Chokecherry

eastern tent caterpillar

168

76

fruittree leafroller

172

 

Cotoneaster

lace bugs

426

 

 

oystershell scale

370

177

Deutzia

twobanded Japanese weevil

244

114

Dogwood

cottony maple leaf scale

342–346

163, 165

 

dogwood borer

262

123

 

dogwood sawfly

126

55

Douglas-Fir

Cooley spruce gall adelgid

112

49, 76

 

Douglas-fir needle midge

44

15

 

spruce spider mite

118

52, 53

Elm

bark beetles

246–248

115, 116

 

cankerworms

142–144

63, 64

 

clover mite

472

 

 

elm case bearers

186

85

 

elm cockscomb gall aphid

464

224

 

elm leaf beetle

220

103

 

elm leafminer

186

85

 

European elm scale

368

176

 

European red mite

472

228

 

forest tent caterpillar

168

76

 

gypsy moth

138–140

61, 62

 

lecanium scales

354, 364, 169

174

 

linden looper

144

64

 

twig pruner

264

124

 

twospotted spider mite

476

 

 

woolly elm aphid

306, 316

145

Euonymus

black vine weevil

240

112, 113

 

euonymus scale

388

186

 

twobanded Japanese weevil

244

114

Fir

balsam gall midge

116

51

 

balsam twig aphid

80

33

 

spruce budworm

28

7

Flowering Fruits (cherry, peach, almond)

aphids

292, 300, 308

 

cankerworms

142, 144

63, 64

 

European red mite

472

228

 

fall webworm

166

75

 

Japanese beetle

236

110